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Title: Les Pays de la CEI sur la voie de la transition |
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Title (other): un succès en demi-teinte pour le programme TACIS |
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to assess the Tacis programme thirteen years after its inception. Using a combination of economic and social indicators, the paper shows the very high cost of the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy in the case of the thirteen Tacis countries. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part gives a general description of the transition to a market economy in the Tacis countries, highlighting the lead role played by the IMF, at a time when the minds of its economists and executive directors were perhaps the key component of what was soon to be known as the Washington consensus. It underscores the unfairness and inefficiency of the privatisation process. Most state enterprises were privatised before they were restructured and ended up in the hands of their former managers, the 'new oligarchs'. The paper also lays emphasis on the adverse effects of the opening of capital markets in the absence of an appropriate regulatory framework. Russia and many other Tacis countries became capital exporters, not a position to be in when one is going through major economic restructuring. It looks at the effects of the transition programmes on poverty and inequality. The second part is more analytical in nature. Its aim is to assess whether Tacis may actually have ended up making the transition process longer than it need have been. It shows how technical assistance programmes which were conceived for the developing world were not adapted to meet the quite different needs of the countries of the former Soviet Union. The paper expresses doubts as to the appropriateness, from the recipients' point of view, of putting so many resources into the energy sector and so little into social infrastructure. It looks closely at the teething problems experienced by the Tacis programme. The implementation of the programme was hampered by a lack of human resources which translated into inordinately long procedures and delays, including delayed payments for contractors. There w |
Author: Szczesna, Adriana |
Publisher: Groupement d'Etudes et de Recherches Notre Europe |
Year: 2004 |
Language: fr |
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien |
Keyword: EU expansionmarket economyplanned economy |
Subject: Economic policy. Planning. Social policy. Social problemsEconomics. Economic conditions. Economic doctrines and systemsEconomic doctrines and systems |
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources |
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar! |
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Groupement d'Etudes et de Recherches Notre Europe (http://www.notre-europe.asso.fr/) |
Title: Supplement to the final report : technical advice on third country regulatory equivalence under EMIR - Japan |
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Abstract ESMA delivers second set of advice on EMIR equivalenceFollowing its technical advice published on 9 September 2013, the European Securities and Market Authority (ESMA) has published a supplement to its advice to the European Commission on the equivalence of the regulatory regime for central counterparties (CCPs) of Japan with the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR).This supplement to the September 2013 Final report sets out ESMAs advice to the European Commission is in respect of the equivalence between the Japanese regulatory regime for commodity CCPs and the regulatory regime for CCPs under EMIR. ESMA proposes conditional equivalence As for ESMAs advice to the Commission in respect of Japan for CCPs which clear transactions relating to securities, currencies, interest rates, credit, weather, GDP and other indices, ESMA considers that the Japanese regulatory regime for commodity CCPs contains legal provisions and involves supervision and enforcement similar to that of EMIR. The Commission is expected to use ESMAs technical advice to prepare possible equivalence decisions. Where it adopts such a decision, certain provisions of EMIR may be disapplied in favour of equivalent third-country rules. In particular, ESMA may recognise within the EU a CCP which is authorised outside the EU.[Author vide Copyright] |
Author (Corp. Body): European Securities and Markets Authority |
Year: 2014 |
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: ESMA/2014/123 |
Language: en |
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien |
Keyword: EUJapanmarket economy |
Subject: Economic conditions. Economic structure |
Countries Scheme: Europe. General ResourcesJapan |
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar! |
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: European Securities and Markets Authority (http://www.esma.europa.eu/) |
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