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Title: Briefing Notes on Consumer Financial Education
Abstract
On the request of the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection five briefing papers have been prepared by a panel of experts to serve as a background to the Public Hearing on Financial Education and to an expert panel discussion on the same topic. Hereunder a summary of the main findings of the papers. Financial education is beneficial both for the individual and society Financial education allows consumers to better understand complex financial products, to develop ability to compare offers, to weigh up major financial decisions and it helps them to acquire a realistic view of their ability to meet financial commitments. On the level of society, financial awareness leads to less problem debts, an increased level of savings, the appropriate use of insurance products, adequate provision for retirement and could prevent poverty. [Prof. Mrs. Zita ?eponyt?, Dr. Wilhelm Ruprecht]
Author: ?eponyt?, Zita
Series Title:European Parliament - Note
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 404.903
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Financial derivativeFinancial marketfinancial investmentconsumer educationconsumer protection
Subject: Consumption. Consumer protectionMoney. FinancingFinancial resources. Savings. Capital
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäisches Parlament (http://www.europarl.europa.eu/)
Title: Study on consumers’ attitudes towards Terms and Conditions : (T&Cs;) ; Final report
Title (other): Study on consumers’ attitudes towards online Terms and Conditions : (T&Cs;) ; Executive Summary | Consumers’ attitudes
towards Terms and Conditions : (T&Cs;) ; Fact sheet | Terms & Conditions :Tired of ticking without checking?
Abstract
Previous research has shown that when buying products and services online, the vast majority of consumers accept Terms and Conditions (T&Cs;) without even reading them. The current research examined effects of interventions aimed at making consumers aware of the quality of such T&Cs.; This was done by 1) shortening and simplifying the T&Cs; and 2) adding a quality cue to an online store, such as the presence of a logo of a national consumer organisation accompanied by the statement “these terms and conditions are fair”. The main study consisted of three experiments and was conducted in 12 Member States with 1000 respondents in each Member State. In each experiment, consumers visited an online storeand went through all the steps of an ordering process. One of these steps was accepting the T&Cs.; Key findings are that shortening and simplifying the terms and conditions results in improved readership of the T&Cs;, a slightly better understanding of the T&Cs;, and a more positive attitude towards the T&Cs.; Moreover, adding a quality cue to an online store increases trust and purchase intentions. Which quality cue is trusted the most depends on what type of online store consumers are visiting. For domestic online stores, a quality cue by a national consumer organisation is trusted most; for foreign online stores, a quality cue by a European consumer organisation is trusted most. The patterns were similar across Member States.[Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
7.3 Experiment 1: Increasing transparency
7.4 Experiment 2: Effortless awareness
7.5Experiment 3: Effortless awareness
8 CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS
APPENDIX A. DETAILED METHODOLOGIES
APPENDIX B. PRELIMINARY STUDY 1
APPENDIX C. PRELIMINARY STUDY 2
APPENDIX D. MAIN STUDY
APPENDIX E: TERMS AND CONDITIONS IN THE MAIN STUDY
APPENDIX F: COUNTRY-SPECIFIC RESULTS IN THE MAIN STUDY
| EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.1.1 Why are T&Cs; lengthy and complex?
1.1.2 Why do consumers accept T&Cs; blindly?1.2 Study purpose
1.3 Structure of the report
2 LITERATURE REVIEW: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF NON-READERSHIP
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Causes of non-readership
2.2.1 Cost/benefit beliefs
2.2.2 Normative beliefs
2.2.3 Control beliefs
2.2.4 Other causes of non-readership
2.3 Consequences of non-readership
3 POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS: INCREASING TRANSPARENCY AND CREATING EFFORTLESS AWARENESS
3.1 Increasing transparency
3.1.1 How to increase transparency
3.1.2 Reasons why traders may (not) want to increase transparency of T&Cs;
3.2 Creating effortless awareness
3.2.1 Increasing general awareness of consumer rights
3.2.2 Increasing specific awareness of consumer rights
3.2.3 Adding quality cues on online stores as indicators of the substantive quality of terms and conditions
4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1General approach
4.2 Brief overview of the methodologies of the studies
4.2.1 Preliminary study 1
4.2.1 Preliminary study 2
4.2.3 Main study
5 PRELIMINARY STUDY 1: GENERAL AND SPECIFICAWARENESS OF CONSUMER RIGHTS
5.1 Online purchasing behaviour
5.2 Consumers’ awareness of their general rights
5.3 Alternative strategies to get informed about consumer rights and obligations
5.4 Experienced regret
6 PRELIMINARY ONLINE STUDY 2: QUALITY CUES AND CONSUMER DETRIMENT
6.1 Part 1: The use of quality cues to assess the reliability of T&Cs;
6.2Part 2: Negative consequences of not being sufficiently informed about terms and conditions
6.3 Part 3: Consumer characteristics
7 THE MAIN STUDY
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Familiarity with online stores and consumer organisations
Author: Elshout, Maartje | Elsen, Millie | Leenheer, Jorna
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Justiz und Verbraucher | Ecorys | Universiteit van Tilburg | Universiteit van Amsterdam | GfK | Europäische Kommission / Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food E
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Amt für Veröffentlichungen
Year: 2016
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: Specific Contract n° 2014 85 12 | Framework Contract -EAHC/2011/CP/Ol/ECORYS | 978-92-9200-706-5 | EB-01-16-117-EN-N | 978-00-00-00000-0 | NA-AD-14-001-EN-N
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EUinternetpurchase patternsales contractconsumer educationconsumer protection
Subject: Consumption. Consumer protection
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://ec.europa.eu/)
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