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Title: Renewable energies
Title (other): success stories
Abstract
Based on a series of case studies, this study identifies the factors that can influence successful implementation of specific renewable energy technologies in European Union Member States. It aims to facilitate greater use of renewable energy sources and contribute to efforts by the EU and its Member States to meet targets for increasing power from renewables by 2010.[Author vide copyright]
Series Title: Europäische Umweltagentur -
Author (Corp. Body): Europäische Umweltagentur | European Environment Agency
Contributer: Ecotec Research and Consulting Ltd.
Publisher: Europäische Umweltagentur
Year: 2001
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: 92-9167-407-9
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: renewable energyEUenvironmental policy
Subject: European Communities. European UnionEnergy policy. Power generationProtection of the environment
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
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Title: Energy sector : Iberdrola, Spain
Abstract
Iberdrola S.A. is a Spanish-based company with headquarters in Bilbao. It is one of the world's leading private energy utilities and its core business is related to the generation, transmission, distribution and sales of electricity. The company's home markets are naturally situated in Spain, where it is the second largest supplier, and in Scotland, where it has recently acquired Scottish Power. [Oxford Research]
Series Title: EMCC case studies
Author (Corp. Body): Oxford Research A/S
Publisher: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: EF/08/20/EN/1
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Power Industryenergy policyrenewable energyenterprise
Subject: EnergyBusiness economics. Companies
Countries Scheme: Spain
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Title: Trends and drivers of change in the European energy sector: Mapping report
Abstract
The energy sector is one of the central pillars of economic growth and competitiveness, and of social and territorial cohesion in Europe.[...] The signing of the Coal and Steel Treaty in 1951 and the European Atomic Energy Treaty in 1957 marked the significance of the energy sector throughout Europe. [...] In March 2007, one of the most important turning points in EU energy policies was made when the EU agreed on the legally binding targets of reducing greenhouse gases by 20% in 2020 and raising renewables' share of energy consumption to 20%, also by 2020. This was followed by a communication from the European Commission, '20 20 by 2020', released in January 2008. [Oxford Research]
Series Title: EMCC case studies
Author (Corp. Body): Oxford Research A/S
Publisher: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: EF/08/12/EN
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Working conditionsEuropean Union Energy PolicyPower Industryrenewable energy
Subject: EnergyLabour market
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Title: Energy sector : Envicrack energy cluster, Czech Republic
Abstract
In cooperation with the Technical University of Ostrava, a feasibility study for the Envicrack cluster and its activities of developing and marketing pyrolysis technology was made. In November 2005, the cluster was founded by 17 members, among which are the university and Arrow Line, an SME specialising in shunting devices. The cluster's overall strategy was to carry out the development and marketing of pyrolysis technology within a period of two years. Finance was obtained from the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade, among others. [Oxford Research]
Series Title: EMCC case studies
Author (Corp. Body): Oxford Research A/S
Publisher: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: EF/08/19/EN 2
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Power Industryrenewable energyenterprise
Subject: Economic and growth policiesEnergyBusiness economics. Companies
Countries Scheme: Czech Republic
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Title: BIOFUELS SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA Relevant issues to the proposed Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from
renewable sources {COM(2008) 30 final}
Abstract
The role envisioned for liquid biofuels for transport has come under increased scrutiny in the past year or two, due to the potential social and environmental impacts associated with scaling up biofuels production and use from its low level?currently representing about 1% of transport fuels globally. The proposed EU Directive setting a target of 10% biofuels in transport sector by 2020 has therefore raised a number of concerns. The concerns about sustainability are addressed within the proposed Directive through criteria related mainly to GHG emissions, but also to biodiversity and other environmental impacts. The use of first generation biofuels in temperate climates is land-intensive and inefficient in technical terms, whereas first generation biofuels in tropical climates and second generation biofuels in general?offer a much more effective use of land resources. The use of GHG reduction criteria can provide incentives for producers to rely on the most productive feedstocks when sourcing biofuels for the EU market, which will often mean import of biofuels. A threshold of 50% or more would tend to eliminate many of the first generation biofuels produced in temperate climates. Member States should be encouraged to link financial incentives to the GHG reduction capabilities. Moreover, such incentives could be better linked to development cooperation in the case of imports, so as to insure that Least Developed Countries (i.e. in Africa) can gain access to larger markets rather than only the major producers such as Brazil. The calculation of GHG emissions associated with biofuels is complicated by the addition of factors associated with land use change, since the GHG impacts of land use change are beset by uncertainty both in physical terms as well as in the attribution of particular changes to production of particular biofuels. A further complication is introduced when indirect land use changes are incorporated, since these occur through combinations of market forces, illegal land use transformation, and regulat
Author: Johnson, Francis X.
Series Title:European Parliament - Study
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 404.905
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Freight Transportrenewable energy
Subject: EnergyGoods. PassengersEnvironment. Natural resources
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Title: State of Biogas Plants in European Agriculture
Abstract
The study proposes a detailed examination of the state of agricultural biogas installations in EU and the corresponding legal aspects. The study provides with: - An analysis of the current situation of biogas installations in European agriculture - An appraisal of the obstacles faced the development of agricultural biogas technology and for more extensive installations in the EU. - Some Conclusions on the positive impacts of biogas on agriculture and proposals for further development.[European Parliament]
Author: Birkmose, Torkild
Series Title:European Parliament - Study
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2007
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 397.236
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Agriculturerenewable energy
Subject: Agricultural economicsCommercial crops. Industrial crops. GardeningEnergy
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Title: Sustainable Biofuel Production in Tropical and Subtropical Countries; 12 June 2008 - Workshop proceedings
Abstract
In January 2008 the European Commission (EC) presented an integrated Climate and Energy package to cut emissions for the 21st Century, including proposals for specific targets on renewable energy (20% by 2020) and greenhouse gas emissions reduction (20% by 2020). The package, amongst others, includes a proposal for a directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (COM(2008)19). The rapporteur MEP Mr Anders Wijkman on the renewables directive (opinion from ENVI) has expressed an interest to organise a workshop on “Sustainable biofuel production in tropical and sub-tropical countries”. [Timo Kaphengst, Stephanie Schlege]
Author: Kaphengst, Timo | Schlegel, Stephanie
Series Title:European Parliament - Report
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 404.909 | IP/A/ENVI/ST/2008 -13
Language: en
Ressource: Verzeichnisse von Vorträgen und Tagungsbeiträgen
Keyword: Climate protectionemissionrenewable energy
Subject: EnergyEnvironment. Natural resources
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Title: Biofuels sustainability criteria. Relevant issues to the proposed directive on the promotion of the use of energy from
renewable sources {COM(2008) 30 final}
Abstract
The role envisioned for liquid biofuels for transport has come under increased scrutiny in the past year or two, due to the potential social and environmental impacts associated with scaling up biofuels production and use from its low level?currently representing about 1% of transport fuels globally. The proposed EU Directive setting a target of 10% biofuels in transport sector by 2020 has therefore raised a number of concerns. The concerns about sustainability are addressed within the proposed Directive through criteria related mainly to GHG emissions, but also to biodiversity and other environmental impacts. The use of first generation biofuels in temperate climates is land-intensive and inefficient in technical terms, whereas first generation biofuels in tropical climates and second generation biofuels in general?offer a much more effective use of land resources. The use of GHG reduction criteria can provide incentives for producers to rely on the most productive feedstocks when sourcing biofuels for the EU market, which will often mean import of biofuels. A threshold of 50% or more would tend to eliminate many of the first generation biofuels produced in temperate climates. Member States should be encouraged to link financial incentives to the GHG reduction capabilities. Moreover, such incentives could be better linked to development cooperation in the case of imports, so as to insure that Least Developed Countries (i.e. in Africa) can gain access to larger markets rather than only the major producers such as Brazil. The calculation of GHG emissions associated with biofuels is complicated by the addition of factors associated with land use change, since the GHG impacts of land use change are beset by uncertainty both in physical terms as well as in the attribution of particular changes to production of particular biofuels. A further complication is introduced when indirect land use changes are incorporated, since these occur through combinations of market forces, illegal land use transformation, and regulat
Author: Johnson, Francis X. | Roman, Mikael | Hammerschlag, Roel
Series Title:European Parliament - Study
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 404.905
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Biofuelrenewable energy
Subject: Law. Jurisprudence. Legal systemsEnergyEnvironment. Natural resources
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Title: PROGRESS - PROmotion and Growth of Renewable Energy Sources and Systems
Title (other): Final report - Contract no.: TREN/D1/42-2005/S07.56988
Abstract
The PROGRESS project was initiated to provide the European Commission, Directorate General Energy and Transport (DG TREN), with inputs for analysis of the degree of achievement of 2010 national and Community targets under the 2001 Renewable Electricity Directive. These inputs include market analysis of renewable energy sources, status quo on policies to promote renewable energy in Member States, analysis of administrative and grid barriers to promoting renewable energy sources, and analysis of the implementation of a system of Guarantee of Origin in Member States.[Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
Overview national indicative 2010 RES-E targets
Proposed national 2020 binding RES targets
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak republic
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
United Kingdom
Author: Coenraads, Rogier | Ragwitz, Mario ; 123744210 | Resch, Gustav | Konstantinaviciute, Inga | Chadim, Tomáš
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Energie und Verkehr
Publisher: Amt für Amtliche Veröffentlichungen
Year: 2008
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: renewable energy
Subject: EnergyResearch
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Title: European Renewable Energy Network
Abstract
The targeted increase of renewable energy sources in the European energy mix to 20% by 2020, and the goal of an 80-95% CO2 emissions reduction by 2050, will require changes to and extensions of the electricity grid. The integration of increasing shares of fluctuating renewable electricity, notably wind and solar power, into the grid is a long-term task that requires major investments, longterm planning at European level and endurance. It also requires a significant increase in the level of coordination of all relevant stakeholders in Europe. Important activities have started, but efforts need to be stepped up, and action accelerated. [European Parliament]
Author: Altmann, M. | Schmidt, P. | Winkler, Jenny
Contributer: Ludwig Bölkow Systemtechnik (LBST) | Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) | Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) | Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2012
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 475.085 | IP/A/ITRE/ST/2011-07
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: energy policyrenewable energy
Subject: Energy
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Title: Impacts of Renewable Energy on European Farmers : Creating Benefits for Farmers and Society
Abstract
This report presents results of the project Impacts of Renewable Energy on European Farmers. It focuses on the (potential) role that on-farm generation of Renewable Energy in the EU-27 may play both in realisation of national and EU environmental targets as in (re)vitalising agriculture and rural economy in different regions of the Union. Renewable Energy (RE) in this respect includes the energy generated on farms by using wind, PV, solar thermal, hydro, geothermal or biomass resources. Activities executed in the project include an assessment of current and possible future production of RE on farms, the analysis of national and EU RE policies and markets, construction of national and EU balances for 2008 and 2020, a survey held among 800 farmers in eight case regions located in Germany, Poland, Spain and Austria, an analysis of perspectives and implications of RE development for farm incomes and non-RE farm production, identification of existing barriers for further RE development and the role (Rural Development) policies can play in overcoming them, and focus group meetings held with stakeholders in the case regions. Results from project activities are listed here in an organised and thematic way. Details of the findings are reported in the final report and its background documents.
Author: Pedroli, Bas | Langeveld, Hans
Contributer: Alterra Wageningen UR
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Landwirtschaft und Ländliche Entwicklung, Brüssel
Year: 2011
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: AGRI-2010-EVAL-03
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Agricultural PolicyCommon agricultural policyRenewable resourcesAgricultural developmentRural developmentagricultural policyrenewable energyagricultural development
Subject: Agricultural policy. Agricultural development
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
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Title: Joint declaration between the European Union and the Overseas Contries and Territories Greenland, New Caledonia and
Dependencies, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Territories, Wallis and Futuna Islands, Saint-Barthélemy,
Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, Anguilla, Cayman Islands,
Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn, Saint Helena and Dependencies, Turks and Caicos Islands, British Virgin Islands,
Bermuda on reinforced cooperation in the field of sustainable energy
Author (Corp. Body): Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Internationale Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, Brüssel
Year: 2016
Language: en
Ressource: Sonstige Volltexte und Quellen
Keyword: third countriesexplanationrenewable energyEU
Subject: European Community external relations and associated countriesEnergy policy. Power generation
Countries Scheme: Global ResourcesEurope. General Resources
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Title: Evaluation of the Commission of the European Union’s Co-operation with Nepal : Country Level Evaluation ; Final Report
; Volume 1 – Main Report
Title (other): Evaluation of the Commission of the European Union’s Co-operation with Nepal : Country Level Evaluation ; Final Report
; Volume 2 – Annexes | "Fiche Contradictoire" : Evaluation of the Commission of the European Union’s Co-operation with
Nepal ; Country level evaluation | Quality Grid : Evaluation of the Commission of the European Union's Cooperation with
Nepal | Evaluation of the Commission of the European Union's Co-operation with Nepal : EVINFO
Abstract
The main objectives of the evaluation are: (i) to be accountable and to provide the relevant external co-operation services of the EC and the wider public with an overall independent assessment of the EC’s past and current co-operation relations with Nepal; and (ii) to identify key lessons in order to improve the current and future strategies and programmes of the EC.The evaluation covers aid delivery over the period 2002-2010 and mainly corresponds to the 2002-2006 strategic cycle (Country Strategy Paper) and the first National Indicative Plan of the 2007-2013 cycle. The evaluation is forward-looking and has paid specific attention to the following areas of co-operation: Support to Nepal’s poverty reduction strategy, particularly in (i) Education, (ii) Rural Development, (iii) Renewable Energy and the Environment, (iv) Peace Building and Consolidation of Democracy, and (v) Trade facilitation and integration in the international economy.[Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
Executive summary
Executive summary – Nepali version
1 Introduction
2 Context of the evaluation
2.1 Evaluation Process and Methodology
2.2 Country context
2.3 EC Strategy in Nepal
3 Answers to the Evaluation Questions
3.1 EQ1 Social exclusion
3.2 EQ2 Democracy and the Rule of Law
3.3 EQ3 Education policy
3.4 EQ4 Access to education
3.5 EQ5 Trade-related assistance
3.6 EQ6 Rural development and food security
3.7 EQ7 Renewable energy and the environment
3.8 EQ8 Responsiveness
3.9 EQ9 Synergies
4 Conclusions
4.1 General conclusions
4.2 Specific conclusions
5 Recommendations
5.1 General recommendations
5.2 Specific recommendations
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
| 1 Annex 1: Terms of Reference
2 Annex 2: Detailed information matrix
2.1 EQ1: Social exclusion
2.2 EQ2: Democracy and the Rule of Law
2.3 EQ3: Education policy
2.4 EQ4: Access to Education
2.5 EQ5: Trade
2.6 EQ6: Rural development and food security
2.7 EQ7: Renewable energy and the environment
2.8 EQ8: Responsiveness
2.9 EQ9: Synergies
3 Annex 3: Detailed country context
3.1 The Country and its people
3.2 Political situation
3.3 Economic situation
3.4 Social situation
3.5 Environment
3.6 The development priorities of the Government
3.7 The Donor community in Nepal
4 Annex 4: Detailed list of EC interventions in Nepal (2002-2010)
5 Annex 5: Power point presentation with main results of the evaluation
6 Annex 6: Evaluation methodology
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Evaluation process
6.3 Identification of the Evaluation Questions
6.4 Data collection
7 Annex 7: List of institutions and persons met
8 Annex 8: List of documents
9 Annex 9: Minutes of the in-country seminar
10 Annex 10: Map of Nepal
Author (Corp. Body): PARTICIP GmbH Consultants für Entwicklung und Umwelt, Freiburg im Breisgau
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit EuropeAid | DRN | ADE | Overseas Development Institute, London | Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales, Madrid | European Institute for Asian S
Year: 2012
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: EuropeAid/122888/C/SER/Multi
Language: en | nep
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: evaluationeducationdemocratizationdevelopment aidrenewable energyEUguarantee of peacecommerce
international economic relationsrural developmentNepalenvironment
Subject: Aid programmesEuropean Community external relations
Countries Scheme: Europe. General ResourcesNepal
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Title: Study on Renewable Energies and Green Policy in the Overseas Countries and Territories : Final report
Abstract
The main challenge that OCTs face consists in putting their economies and societies on a sustainable development path by increasing their competitiveness, reducing their vulnerability to external shocks, increasing environmental resilience, cooperating with their neighbours and, where possible, integrating their economies into the regional and/or global economy. For the European Union, the challenge lies in supporting the OCTs in achieving these goals as well as the main purpose of the Association of the Overseas Countries and Territories, as defined in Article 198 of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union, via a framework that is adapted to OCT needs, realities, particularities and diversity.The report provides an update on the current situation of the OCTs’ existing energy profiles, reviews and analyses progress made by the OCTs over the last few years, assesses the evolution of the energy mix and potential for additional diversification, analyses development of further adoption of sustainable energy technologies, and maps out the experience gained to date in island states with regard to sustainable energy technologies.[Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 Context
1.2 Energy challenges
1.3 Economies and institutional framework in the OCTs
1.4 Energy issues of the OCTs
1.5 Renewable energy applications
1.6 Cooperation and Funding opportunities
1.7 Key recommendations
1.8 Roadmaps for the transition to a smart sustainability and adaptation to OCTs
2 INTRODUCTION
3 GENERAL CONTEXT
3.1 Overview of the energy sector and renewableenergy sub-sector
3.2 Context of strong energy dependence of the OCTs
3.3 Involvement of OCTs in the Europe 20/20/20 Goals for sustainable development
3.3.1 The 20/20/20 Goals of the EU Climate and Energy Package
3.3.2 The progress made so far in the EU Member States for penetration of Renewable Energies
3.3.3 The OCTs in the context of the EU Member State RE Directive
3.4 Economic and financial analysis of the energy sector in the OCTs and likely development
4 ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN FEATURES OF OCT’S ECONOMIES
4.1 Individual reviews
Sint Maarten
4.2 Global analysis of all OCTs or group of OCTs
5 EXISTING RELEVANT STUDIES AND POLICIES ON THE ENERGY SECTOR IN THE OCTS
5.1 Individual country reviews
5.2 Overview of existing energy situation for all OCTs and groups of OCTs
5.2.1 Background documentation
5.2.2 Capacity building in the OCTs
6 CURRENT ENERGY SITUATION
6.1 Individual reviews
6.2 Global energy analysis of all OCTs or groups of OCTs
6.2.1 Installed capacity in power generation
6.2.2 Contribution of renewable energy (RE) to installed electricity capacity
6.2.3 Energy demand trends and patterns
6.2.4 Oil prices, production costs and electricity prices in islands
7 INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS
7.1 Individual reviews
7.2 Global analysis for all OCTs or groups of OCTs
8 COMPANIES AND OTHER ACTORS PRESENT IN THE ENERGY SECTOR
8.1 Individual reviews
| 8.2 Analysis of Companies and Institutions in all OCTs and Groups of OCTs
9 RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCE POTENTIAL AND ENERGY CONSERVATION OPPORTUNITIES
9.1 Individual country reviews
9.2 Global analysis for all OCTs or groups of OCTs
9.2.1 Analysis of the penetration of RE in OCTs
9.2.2 Conventional RES Applications
9.2.3 Innovative RES Applications
9.3 Energy storage and buffering, network adaptation to smart grid
9.4 Noteworthy RE applications and EE measures
9.5 Energy efficiency and demand side management
10 REGIONAL INITIATIVES AND COOPERATION PROGRAMMES
10.1 Programmes and projects already completed
10.2 Programmes and projects still in execution
10.3 Other international initiatives, partners and instruments
10.4 Financial partners and instruments
11 RECOMMENDATIONS
11.1 On institutional and legal framework
11.2 On renewable energy development
11.3 On energy efficiency policy options
11.4 On funding RE development
12 SUGGESTED ROAD MAPS FOR THE OCTS
12.1 Roadmaps for the transition to a smart sustainability
12.2 Roadmap adaptation to OCTs
ANNEXES
1. Energy Profiles of OCTs: Caribbean, Pacific Ocean and Isolated OCTs
2. Renewable Energy technologies and specific applications
3. List of the main documents used for this study
4. Terms of Reference
Tables
List of Abbreviations & Acronyms
Author (Corp. Body): Resources and Logistics
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Geraldirektion Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit EuropeAid
Year: 2014
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: EuropeAid /127054/C/SER/multi | FWC Beneficiaries Lot4 - N° 2012/307921
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: African-Caribbean-Pacific countriesenergy policydevelopment aiddeveloping countryrenewable energyEUcooperationregional development
economic policy
Subject: Aid programmesEuropean Community external relationsDisasters and pollutionPollution control. Environmental technology
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
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Title: Technical Handbook on the Replication of Renewable Energy and Rural Development projects : Based on the EURO-SOLAR
experience
Abstract
The Project’s general objective is to promote renewable energies in the more underprivileged countries to help improve the living conditions of rural communities, supporting them in their fight against poverty, isolation and the marginalisation resulting from their socioeconomic conditions.[Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
BLOCK I: GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE EURO-SOLAR PROGRAMME – RENEWABLE ENERGY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Background - The EURO-SOLAR Programme as Reference
Objectives and Description
Players and Organisation
Sustainability
BLOCK II: THE TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE PROJECT
Introduction
Objectives
Participating Players
Project Beneficiaries
Tables of Expected Results and Activities
RESULT 1. Institutional activation
RESULT 2. Selection of beneficiary rural communities
RESULT 3. Equipment design, installation and start-up
RESULT 4. Awareness-raising, training of communities, and strengthening of productive activities
RESULT 5. Visibility, replication and exchange of best practices
SUSTAINABILITY
APPENDIX: Conceptual System-Calculation Guide
Author (Corp. Body): Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Entwicklung und Zusammenarbeit EuropeAid
Contributer: EURO SOLAR
Year: 2013
Language: en
Ressource: Anleitungen, Checklisten, Leitfäden, Lehrmaterial
Keyword: development aiddeveloping countryrenewable energyEUCaribbean Regionrural developmentLatin Americasustainability
solar energy
Subject: Aid programmesEuropean Community external relationsEnergy policy. Power generationResources exploitation
Countries Scheme: Europe. General ResourcesLatin America and Caribbean. General Resources
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