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Title: Report on measures to combat discrimination: directives 2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC: country report/update 2006: Germany
Title (other): Germany country report on measures to combat discrimination
Abstract
The Directives aim to provide legal tools protecting individuals against discrimination in the public and in the private sphere. The values the Directives aim to protect are therefore part of the core of the German legal system. The regime of legal regulations envisaged by the Directives have, in addition, already partly been a reality of Germany's legal system as regards discrimination based on sex (which is not covered by this report) and disability. These regulations and their interpretation by federal courts include the definition of discrimination,the shift of the burden of proof, legal standing and a regime of sanctions. The final implementation of the Directives through the AGG and accompanying legislation is therefore not a radical new start for German law but the further development of relevant parts of the existing law. [Author vide copyright]
Table of Contents
1. General legal framework
2. The definition of discrimination
4. Exceptions
5. Positive action (Article 5 Directive 2000/43, Article 7 Directive 2000/78)
6. Remedies and enforcement
7. Specialised bodies
8. Implementation issues
9. Overview
Author: PD.Dr. Mahlmann, Matthias
Publisher: European Network of Legal Experts in the Nondiscrimination Field
Year: 2006
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Social Legislationequal rights lawdiscriminationhuman rightsbasic directives
Subject: Law. Public Administration. PoliticsHuman rightsLocal government
Countries Scheme: GERMANY
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Source: European Commission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: An Analysis of the Relative Effectiveness of Social and Environmental Norms in Free Trade Agreements
Abstract
While Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) of both, the United States and the European Union, include labor issues in specific chapters, only US FTAs explicitly have “labor chapters,” while the EU FTAs have a general reference to labor rights through the human rights clause and otherwise refer to labor issues in chapters on “social aspects”. Clearly, the US prioritizes labour issues over general human rights or social concerns, while the EU has a broader focus, embracing human rights and sustainable development issues. Based on congressional and civil society pressure, the US also provides clear avenues for sanctions, making labor issues actionable under regular dispute settlement processes. In contrast, the EU adopts a more nuanced approach, signalling a preference against sanctions and for dialogue and capacitybuilding. The EU social chapters are not enforceable. However, even though US labour provisions are more focused and subject to regular dispute settlement processes, the language of these respective paragraphs used to be rather vague. In addition, avoiding enforcement through sanctions is clearly also the preference of subsequent US administrations, and thus, in the end the enforcement performance of the two is not very different. [...] [Christoph Scherrer, Thomas Greven, Aaron Leopold]
Author: Scherrer, Christoph | Greven, Thomas | Leopold, Aaron | Molinari , Elizabeth
Series Title:European Parliament - Study
Publisher: Europäische Union / Europäisches Parlament
Year: 2009
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: PE 406.996 | EXPO/B/INTA/2008/62
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Labour LawSocial LegislationEnvironmental lawfree trade
Subject: International relationsLabour law. Social lawCommercial agreements. Trade negotiationsProtection of the environment
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäisches Parlament (http://www.europarl.europa.eu/)
Title: Networking Seminar on how the EGF can deliver on the European Pillar of Social Rights
Author (Corp. Body): Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Beschäftigung, Soziales und Integration
Year: 2018
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Social Legislation
Subject: Labour law. Social law
Countries Scheme: Spain
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the documentQuelle / Source: EUropäische Kommission
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