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Title: The macroeconomic evaluation of energy tax policies within the EU
Title (other): With the GEM-E3-Europe model : study for the European Commission DG TAXUD
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Energy Tax Rates to be implemented in GEM-E3
2.1. The energy tax rates in 2000
2.2. The "minimum" energy tax rates
3. The Reference Scenario
3.1. Exogenous assumptions
3.2. The projections for 2000-2010
4. The Policy Scenarios
4.1. The minimum tax scenarios
4.1.1. Assumptions
4.1.2. Results for the EU
4.2. Environmental tax harmonisation scenarios
4.2.1. Assumptions
4.2.2. The results at EU level 4.3. The EU allowance system scenarios
4.3.1. The Kyoto target
4.3.2. The emission allowance scheme
4.3.3. Complementary measure
4.3.4. The results at EU level
5. Conclusion
6. Annex: Detailed Results for all countries
Author: Kouvaritakis, Nikos | Paroussos, Leonidas | Regemorter, Denise van
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2003
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2002/DE/302
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Energy taxSustainable energy policyEconomic policy
Subject: Energy policy. Power generationTaxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Impacts of energy taxation in the enlarged European Union, evaluation with GEM-E3 Europe
Title (other): study for the European Commission DG TAXUD under the contract TAXUD/2003/DE/308 | study for the European Commission DG
TAXUD under the contract TAXUD/2003/DE/308 | study for the European Commission DG TAXUD under the contract
TAXUD/2003/DE/308
Abstract
The objective of this study is twofold: first analyze how the implementation of the EU minimum energy tax policy in the new Member States will affect the enlarged EU and secondly analyze how the energy taxation policy can contribute to the climate policy in the enlarged EU. The main elements of the new EU energy tax policy is an upward revision of the existing minimum tax rates on mineral oils and an inclusion of the energy products such as coal, natural gas and electricity in the tax base. Associated with assumptions regarding climate policy, different directions for the energy taxation policy are explored going from an increase of the minimum energy tax to the possibility of exempting the energy intensive sectors of the entire energy tax or of a CO2 component when a climate policy is implemented. The analysis in this study is done with the GEM-E3 general equilibrium model extended towards the new Member States. The GEM-E3 model is an appropriate tool to evaluate such policies which have potentially an impact on the economy, the energy system and the environment of each member state and on the interactions between them. As GEM-E3 is a macro-sectoral general equilibrium model, it allows assessing the impact of an energy taxation reform in terms of economic indicators, such as GDP, employment and the balance of trade1 and their sectoral implications, and in terms of environmental indicators, as CO2, SO2, NOx, VOC and PM emissions. Having a specific model for each of the EU countries (Luxembourg, Cyprus and Malta excluded) permits giving an indication on the distributive consequences between countries of energy taxation policy changes. More precisely, the evaluated scenarios cover the following domain: 1) implementation of the EU energy tax directive (2003/96/EC) in the new Member States 2) implementation of more climate friendly energy tax rates by increasing the 'minimum' energy tax rates EU wide to the equivalent of 10Euro per ton CO2. 3) exemption from the energy taxation, either totally or partly, the sector
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2005
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2003/DE/308
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Power IndustryTax
Subject: Energy policy. Power generationTaxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Quality of taxation and the crisis : tax shifts from a growth perspective
Author: Prammer, Doris
Series Title:European Commission / Directorate-General Taxation and Customs Union - Taxation papers ; 29/2011
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Publisher: Amt für Amtliche Veröffentlichungen
Year: 2011
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: 978-92-79-22470-6 | KP-AC-11-029-EN-C | 10.2778/29300
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU tax lawFinancial crisisEffects of taxation
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Regressivity of environmental taxation : myth or reality?
Author: Kosonen, Katri ; 17060442X
Series Title:European Commission / Directorate-General Taxation and Customs Union - Taxation papers ; 32/2012
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Publisher: Amt für Amtliche Veröffentlichungen
Year: 2012
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: KP-AC-12-032-EN-C | 10.2778/30289 | 978-92-79-25026-2
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Effects of taxationEnvironmental charge
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policyEnvironment
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: What happened to CIT collection? : Solving the rates-revenues puzzle
Author: Nicode?me, Gae?tan ; 128432624
Series Title:Taxation papers ; No 74
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2018
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: 1725-7665 | 1725-7565 | 978-92-79-96841-9 | 978-92-79-96842-6 | KP-AC-18-003-EN-C
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Corporate income taxTax reform
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)t
Title: Study on the costs and benefits associated with the use of tax incentives to promote the manufacturing of more and
better energy-efficient appliances and equipment and the consumer purchasing of these products
Title (other): Final report, December 2008
Author (Corp. Body): Bio Intelligence Service
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2008
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2007/DE/330
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Renewable energy policyEnvironmental investmentSustainable energy policylowering of taxes
Subject: Energy policy. Power generationPublic finance. State aidTaxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Study to quantify and analyse the VAT gap in the EU-25 member states
Title (other): Final report, July 2013
Author (Corp. Body): CASE, Center for Social and Economic Research
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2013
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2012/DE/316 | FWC No. TAXUD/2010/CC/104
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesvalue added tax
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: 2012 update report to the study to quantify and analyse the VAT gap in the EU-27 member states
Author (Corp. Body): Center for Social and Economic Research
Contributer: CPB
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2014
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2013/DE/321 | FWC No. TAXUD/2010/CC/104
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesvalue added tax
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Final evaluation of the Customs 2013 programme : final report
Author (Corp. Body): Coffey International Development Ltd.
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion | Evaluation Partnership, London
Year: 2014
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: 978-92-79-38418-9 | 10.2778/35591 | KP-04-14-565-EN-N
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesTariff policy
Subject: Customs tariffs. Free trade
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: CCCTB: possible elements of a technical outline : meeting to be held on Thursday 27 and Friday 28 September 2007,
Brussels ; working document
Title (other): Annex
Author (Corp. Body): Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base Working Group | CCCTB WG
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2007
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: CCCTB/WP057docen
Language: en
Ressource: Kongresse, Tagungen, Veranstaltungen | Einzelne Arbeitspapiere, Preprints
Keyword: EU countriesCorporate income tax
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Study on vehicle taxation in the member states of the European Union
Title (other): Final report
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.2. METHODOLOGICAL ORGANISATION OF THE STUDY AND STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
2. State of the Art
2.1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
2.1.1. Car ownership and mobility
2.1.2. Passenger vehicles fleet
2.1.3. Scrappage shemes and their influence
2.2. CHARACTERISATION OF VEHICLE TAXATION SYSTEMS
2.2.1. Theoretical background and policy context
2.2.2. Taxation structures
2.2.3. Tax revenue optimisation
2.2.4. Taxation earmarking
2.3. VEHICLE TAXATION IMPACTS
2.3.1. National Budgets
3 IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TAXATION SYSTEMS
3.1 THE FUNCTIONING OF THE INTERNAL MARKET
3.1.1 European citizens
3.1.2 Vehicle fleets
3.1.3 European car market
3.1.4 Tax avoidance
3.1.5 Identification and Assessment of Barriers to the Internal Market
3.2 IMPACT ON CONSUMERS. (ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COSTS)
3.2.1. Lack of transparency within national vehicle taxation systems
3.2.2 Tax Refunds and Double Taxation
3.2.3 Tax evasion
3.2.4. Scrapping Schemes and Abandoned Vehicles
3.2.5. Weight of taxes in the purchasing power and associated equity issues
3.2.6. Market transparency and the EURO introduction in 2002
4. EFFECTS OF VEHICLE TAXATION CHANGES
4.1. METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
4.1.1. Approach and Hypothesis
4.1.2. Model specifications
4.1.3. The variables and data basis
4.2. DIRECT AND INDIRECT IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TAXATION LEVELS
4.2.1. Overview
4.2.2. Car Prices
4.2.3 Car demand
4.2.4 Vehicle Age and Structure
4.2.5 Conclusions
4.3. MODELLING BUDGET NEUTRAL POLICY CHANGES
4.3.1. Scenario Characteristics
4.3.2. Resulting tax levels
4.3.3. Impact analysis
4.3.4. CTL (Circulation Tax over Vehicle Lifetime) Sensitivity Analysis
4.3.5 Impact on market distortions and social costs
4.4. INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS
5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
BIBLIOG
Author (Corp. Body): Consultatores em Transportes Inova,cao e Sistemas | TIS.PT
Contributer: Infras, Consulting, Analysis & Research | Erasmus University | Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2002
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/00/310
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Motor vehicle tax
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Tax elasticities of financial instruments, profits and remuneration : review of the economic literature
Series Title:European Commission / Directorate-General Taxation and Customs Union - Taxation papers ; 30/2012
Author (Corp. Body): Copenhagen Economics
Contributer: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Publisher: Amt für Amtliche Veröffentlichungen
Year: 2012
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: KP-AC-12-030-EN-C | 10.2778/29997 | 978-92-79-25024-8
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Financial crisisEffects of taxation
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/) | Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document
Title: Economic effects of tax cooperation in an enlarged European Union
Title (other): simulations of corporate tax harmonisation and savings tax coordination, final report
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Preface
Executive summary
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Scenario definitions
2.1. Baseline scenario
2.2. Full harmonisation
2.3. Tax base harmonisation
2.4. Exchange of savings information
2.5. Summary of scenarios
Chapter 3 Results
3.1. Economic effects of corporate tax harmonisation
3.2. Full harmonisation of the corporate tax rate and tax base
3.3. Tax base harmonisation
3.4. Exchange of savings information
3.5. Sensitivity analysis
3.6. Comparison of policy scenarios
Chapter 4 Policy implications
4.1. Distributional effects
4.2. Enhanced cooperation
4.3. Financing tax reforms
4.4. Compliance costs
4.5. Limitations of the study
4.6. Summary of conclusions
Chapter 5 Concluding remarks
Chapter 6 References
Appendix I Detailed results
Appendix II Detailed results of sensitivity analysis
Appendix III Model description
Author (Corp. Body): Copenhagen Economics Aps
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2004
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2003/DE/307
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Reduced VAT for environmentally friendly products
Title (other): Final report, Friday, 19 December 2008
Author (Corp. Body): Copenhagen Economics Aps
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2008
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesTax PolicyTax systemvalue added taxenvironmental safety
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Study on reduced VAT applied to goods and services in the member states of the European Union
Title (other): Final report, Thursday, 21 June 2007
Author (Corp. Body): Copenhagen Economics Aps
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2007
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesTax PolicyTax systemvalue added tax
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policy
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: European Commission's Directorate-General for Environment fiscal measures to reduce CO2 emissions from new passenger
cars : main report : final report
Author (Corp. Body): COWI Consulting Engineers and Planners AS
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2002
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: TaxEnvironmental policy
Subject: Taxation. Fiscal policyPollution control. Environmental technology
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Study on analysis of potential competition and discrimination issues relating to a pilot project for an EU tax
consolidation scheme for the European Company statute (Societas Europaea)
Title (other): Deloitte-Report
Table of Contents
Contents 1. Executive summary
1.1. The question to be addressed
1.2. Executive summary
2. About this document
2.1. The background and general objectives of the study
2.2. Description of work performed
3. The parameters of the study
3.1. What kind of specific tax regime?
3.2. The temporary nature of a pilot project
3.3. Participation in the specific tax regime - a possibility or a requirement?
3.4. What does this study compare?
3.5. Fundamental rights and non-discrimination principles
3.6. What is meant by legal problems for the setting up of a specific tax regime?
4. EC Treaty state aid rules
4.1. The field of study
4.2. Articles 87, 88 and 89 EC - the state aid rules
4.3. The conditions for state aid
4.4. Compatibility with the Common Market
4.5. Conclusion
5. EU commitments to the WTO
5.1. The field of study
5.2. The EU's binding agreement with the WTO
5.3. Would income tax legislation for the SE be a generally applicable tax measure outside the scope of the WTO Agreement?
5.4. EU commitments on non-discrimination in the WTO
5.5. Commitments on subsidies in the WTO
5.6. Whether the dispute resolution procedure gives rise to negotiations or a right of compensation
5.7. Whether the EU commitments have direct effect in the EC
5.8. Whether a specific tax project for the SE that conflicts with the WTO Agreement would give rise to legal consequences
5.9. Process for raising potential discrimination or subsidy issues with the WTO
5.10. Conclusion
6. Discrimination between legal forms and between businesses
6.1. The field of study
6.2. Interpreting the questions
6.3. Different tax treatment of domestic legal forms and the SE
6.4. Different tax treatment of domestic and international companies
6.5. Conclusion
7. Enhanced cooperation
7.1. The field of study
7.2. The relevant treaty provisions
7.3. Interpretation of A
Author (Corp. Body): Deloitte & Touche LLP | Deloitte EU Tax Group
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2004
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: TAXUD/2003/DE/305
Language: en
Ressource: Internationale und Supranationale Organisationen | Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: European Company (SE)
Subject: Economic law. Competition lawEnterprises
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu.int/)
Title: Customs Working Group on Avian Influenza - Final Report
Author (Corp. Body): Directorate General Taxation and Customs Union
Year: 2007
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Diseaseduty
Subject: Customs tariffs. Free tradeDiseases
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://ec.europa.eu/)
Title: Non-tariff measures in EU-US trade and investment
Title (other): An economic analysis | Final report
Author (Corp. Body): ECORYS Nederland
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2009
ISBN / ISSN / Kat.Nr: OJ 2007/S 180-219493
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: Foreign TradeEU countriesUnited States
Subject: Foreign trade. Trade relations
Countries Scheme: Europe. General ResourcesUSA
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
Title: Survey of the implementation of Council Directive 90/434/EEC
Title (other): (The merger directive, as amended)
Author (Corp. Body): Ernst & Young
Publisher: Europäische Kommission / Generaldirektion Steuern und Zollunion
Year: 2009
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU countriesEU tax lawMergerTax law
Subject: Economic law. Competition lawTaxation. Fiscal policySize of enterprise. Economic concentration
Countries Scheme: Europe. General Resources
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Europäische Kommission (http://europa.eu/)
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