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25 entries found on 2 pages. starting on record 21 ending on 25

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Title: The impact of EU enlargement
Abstract
Most multinational investors in Central and Eastern Europe acknowledge that EU expansion will affect their business, but very few have made any budget provision to cover the cost of enlargement. In addition, most companies are only now starting to prepare for the changes that EU enlargement will bring. These are some of the findings of a pan-European survey commissioned by PricewaterhouseCoopers to determine to what extent, if any, companies are preparing for EU enlargement on May 1, 2004. The survey covered 100 of the major investors in Central and Eastern Europe and was conducted across a range of industry sectors. The majority of respondents (89%) confirmed that EU enlargement will affect their business and they need to prepare for the changes. However, two-thirds of the companies that responded to the survey have only started or will only start considering the effects of enlargement and preparing for them this year. 86% of the companies have provided no budget to manage preparation for enlargement. Only 7% of companies have put aside 50,000 euros or more. A regional approach is being adopted by the majority of companies (68%) in preparing for EU enlargement. This reflects not only the cost-effectiveness of preparing on a regional basis but also that the likeliest areas for restructuring are in logistics and distribution. With the removal of internal customs borders, companies can much more easily implement regional or pan-European warehousing systems, as happened with the introduction of the single market in the EU after 1993. Almost 20% of the respondents thought that their company structure would change because of accession, with half of those believing middle management will become more centralised, while 25% of say they foresee greater decentralisation. The greatest perceived changes will be in taxation, particularly indirect tax, and in accounting and reporting systems. This is reflected in the job functions of those responsible for preparing for accession, with 61% of the respondents being either
Author: Keaty, G.
Publisher: PriceWaterhouseCoopers
Year: 2003
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU expansionEast Central Europecompany policy
Subject: History of the European Communities. European ideaEconomic and growth policiesBusiness management. Company activity
Countries Scheme: EASTERN EUROPE
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: PriceWaterhouseCoopers (http://pwcglobal.com/)
Title: Evaluation of Transport Projects in Central and Eastern Europe
Abstract
The report covers the European Investment Bank's (EIB) portfolio of completed transport projects in central and eastern Europe financed between 1990 and 1999, inclusive. During this period, the Bank financed 58 projects for a total disbursed amount of some u00804.9 billion. Of this, approximately 65% went to roads, 27% to railways, 6% to air transport and 2% to ports. The distribution between countries reflected their size, population and economic importance, with most funding going to the Czech Republic, Poland and Romania. All projects contributed significantly to the EU's key transport policy objectives, with a particular focus on infrastructure in urgent need of rehabilitation. Most of the ten projects examined in-depth were completed to specification, largely on time and on budget, with cost overruns of less than 15% of the original estimate. Only two projects suffered from much higher costs than forecast; attributable to a combination of inaccurate unit prices, latent road foundation problems and rampant domestic inflation. There were problems with bureaucratic and administrative delays in establishing guarantees, and procurement: delays of more than one year to the start of construction were not uncommon. The works were generally carried out to a high standard and should have a full working life if properly maintained. However, there are concerns that available funds for maintenance from central government may not be adequate, which would affect the sustainability of seven out of the ten projects. Nine out of the ten projects benefited from technical assistance, which was an EIB funding condition, and which facilitated the implementation of the projects. Five of these promoters, all in the roads sector, still rely on external assistance to implement EIB funded projects. Most of the projects were affected by significant changes in the pattern of transport demand during the transition. However, the Bank's projections were normally closer to the real situation than the promoters'. In terms of overal
Series Title: Evaluation Report
Author (Corp. Body): European Investment Bank
Year: 2003
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: EU expansioninfrastructureEast Central Europeroad networktransportation policy
Subject: History of the European Communities. European ideaEuropean Community funds and financial instruments. EIBTransport networks
Countries Scheme: EASTERN EUROPESOUTHERN EUROPE
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: European Investment Bank (http://bei.eu.int/)
Title: EU Enlargement
Title (other): Costs, Benefits, and Strategies for Central and Eastern European Countries
Abstract
The accession of eight Central and Eastern European countries to the European Union in 2004 will bring some important benefits. The new members will gain from reduced barriers to trade and investment. By 2010, the movement of labour will also be freed. But accession to the EU is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for economic growth. The combined effects of market access and economic liberalisation, not EU membership, optimise economic growth. Unfortunately, the incoming EU members had to choose between the common market on the one hand and economic liberty on the other. Instead of concluding free-trade agreements with the EU, the Central and Eastern European countries were cajoled into an increasingly centralised superstate, in which most of their comparative advantages will be legislated out of existence. As a result, economic growth in Central and Eastern Europe will continue to be suboptimal. The loss of potential future economic growth will be only partly offset by the Central and Eastern European countries' access to the European single market. Following the collapse of communism, the Central and Eastern European countries searched for a quick way to prosperity, and EU accession seemed like a rational step forward. Unfortunately, the geopolitical aim of the European elites to rival the United States enjoys clear precedence over the developmental needs of the Central and Eastern European countries. Compliance with centralised EU regulations in three areas - labour, agriculture and the environment - will impose the most significant costs on the Central and Eastern European countries. Western European labour regulations will make many workers in the less-productive Central and Eastern European countries less competitive; agricultural subsidies will favour current EU members over future ones; and stringent environmental regulations will impose a cost of up to 120 billion euros on Central and Eastern European countries. Accession members should be wary of future EU initiatives, such as
Author: Tupy, Marian L.
Series Title: Policy Analysis; 489
Publisher: Cato Institute
Year: 2003
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: agricultural policyEU expansionfreedom of movementEast Central Europeeconomic growth
Subject: History of the European Communities. European ideaEconomic and growth policiesAgricultural policy. Agricultural development
Countries Scheme: EASTERN EUROPE
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Cato Institute (http://www.cato.org/)
Title: EU Enlargement and Power Asymmetries: Conditionality and the Commission's Role in Regionalisation in Central and Eastern
Europe
Abstract
Studies of EU conditionality assume a power asymmetry between the Commission and the CEECs over the adoption of the acquis, and at the macro level of democratisation and marketisation, rather than tracking clear causal relationships in policies. The article employs regional policy and regionalisation in the Central and Eastern European countries to challenge the 'conditionality model' and demonstrate its limitations. The research draws on interviews conducted with officials in the Commission and in Central and Eastern European countries delegations in Brussels to illustrate actor perceptions, and tracks policy differences within the Commission over time, to demonstrate and explain the weak impact of the Commission on regional policy and regionalisation in the Central and Eastern European countries. Inherent in the assumption that a power asymmetry characterises the enlargement process is the implication that it facilitates institutional convergence. The diverse pattern of regionalisation in the Central and Eastern European countries demonstrates the limitations to this notion of EU conditionality. Three key factors explain the divergence. Firstly, EU enlargement conditionality for the Central and Eastern European countries in the area of regional policy was implemented in a context of a spill-over of policy contestation within the Commission, where divisions over the regional policy reforms in 1988 and 1993 still resonated. Secondly, regional policy is a thin area of the acquis with sparse and ambiguous regulations. Thirdly, it is also an area under EU law where the national governments have a great deal of power to decide the institutional framework and means of implementation. Thus, whatever the competing policy preferences of the Commission, it lacked a repertoire of legal instruments to enforce a particular institutional design on the candidates, even if one existed. While the preferences of parts of the Commission for decentralisation informed the early stage of the enlargement process and strongly influ
Author: James Hughes, | Sasse, Gwendolyn | Gordon, Claire
Series Title: Working Paper ; 49/03 | ISSN 1468-4144
Publisher: Sussex European Institute
Year: 2003
Language: en
Ressource: Einzelne Berichte, Studien
Keyword: democratizationEU expansionseparation of powersEast Central Europeregional policy
Subject: History of the European Communities. European ideaEuropean Community institutionsEuropean Community law in generalDevelopment plans. RegionsPolitical framework
Countries Scheme: EASTERN EUROPESOUTHERN EUROPE
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: Sussex European Institute (http://www.one-europe.ac.uk/)
Title: UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies
Abstract
The School of Slavonic and East European Studies is one of the world's leading specialist institutions, and the largest national centre in the UK, for the study of Central, Eastern and South-East Europe and Russia; it possesses one of the most important research libraries in its field. [Author vide copyright]
Series Title: School of Slavonic and East European Studies
Author (Corp. Body): University College / School of Slavonic and East European Studies
Year: unknown
Language: en
Ressource: Hochschulen und ihre Abteilungen
Keyword: SociologyContemporary historycultureeconomyEast Central EuropeSoutheastern Europe
Subject: History of the European Communities. European ideaEconomic policy. Planning. Social policy. Social problemsCulture. Society
Countries Scheme: Eastern Europe. General ResourcesEastern Central Europe. General ResourcesSOUTHERN EUROPE
Online Ressource: vorübergehend nicht erreichbar!
Bitte beachten Sie die urheberrechtlichen Bedingungen der Dokumentenbenutzung / Please observe the copyright when accessing the document | Quelle / Source: School of Slavonic and East European Studies (http://www.ssees.ac.uk/)
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