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Document describing the fisheries and aquaculture sector in Croatia for the Delegation of the Committee on Fisheries visiting from 25/02/2009 to 27/02/2009. The note describes Croatian fisheries, aquaculture and related activities. Special attention is paid to bluefin tuna fattening. The development of relations between Croatia and the European Union is also described... [European Parliament] | Beschreibung der Fischerei und Aquakultur in Kroatien für den Besuch einer Delegation des Fischereiausschusses vom 25.02. - 27.02.2009. In der Mitteilung werden die kroatische Fischerei und Aquakultur und damit verbundene Bereiche beschrieben. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Mast von Rotem Thun gelegt. Darüber hinaus wird die Entwicklung der Beziehungen zwischen Kroatien und der Europäischen Union veranschaulicht.... [European Parliament]

Aquaculture is essentially an economic development within small and medium sized enterprises that has grown substantially in most European Union (EU) countries over recent years. This development has been particularly evident in e.g. Scotland, and Ireland [salmon (Salmo salar)], the Mediterranean [sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata), together with shellfish] and Ireland, Greece, Spain and France [mussel (Mytilus edulis) farming by line or raft] (Read et al.,2000). This trend has paralleled a general decline in catchable wild fish stocks and an increase in consumer demand for fin and shellfish resources (FAO, 1999). Aquaculture therefore provides opportunities to reduce the dependence on wild stocks, to meet increased consumer demand, and to alleviate the economic impact of wild stock decline on coastal communities through the creation of new jobs and businesses (FAO, 1999; MacAlister Elliot and Partners, 1999).The competitive use of coastal resources has highlighted the importance of satisfactory control measures to protect the natural environment and to safeguard the developing aquaculture industry. In order to achieve sustainable development of the aquaculture sector, several countries introduced regulatory, control and monitoring measures, often without considering the relevanceof such measures for the safeguard of the natural environment. Several organisations havedocumented this situation in several parts of the world and have also recommended proceduresto minimise ecological impacts (e.g. FAR, 1993). [Poseidon Aquatic Resource Management Ltd,]

1 Study background, objectives and approach
2 Overview of coastal aquaculture in Europe
3 Environmentally sensitive areas in Europe
4 Spatial assessment of interactions between aquaculture and environmentally-sensitive areas
5 Determination of principal pressures on sensitive coastal environments from aquaculture
6 Habitat and species description, ecosystem importance and sensitivity
7 Risk identification and ecosystem vulnerability
8 Case studies of european aquaculture in sensitive environments
9 Outline classification of aquaculture systems in environmentally sensitive areas
10 Future management framework
Appendices

The ad hoc EIFAC/EC Working Party on Market Perspectives of European Freshwater Aquaculture met to address the current situation of the freshwater aquaculture sector in the EIFAC region with particular focus on problems in marketing. The outcome of the workshop aims to provide key information and strategic advice on how to fulfil the production potential of the sector to (i) policy makers, administrators and legislators; (ii) future investors; (iii) consumers, and, particularly, (iv) producers. Trout and carp (about 94 per cent) dominate European aquaculture, whereas there are other promising candidates for culture that have not been profitably exploited. The freshwater aquaculture industry in Europe is product or producer driven along traditional lines and suffers particularly from a lack of vertical integration, linking producers to consumers through the marketing chain. The producers will remain at a disadvantage unless they develop better links through association or cooperation. While the preparation and implementation of marketing plans is a responsibility of the industry, and must be financed from this source, additional progress and great benefit could be derived from a comprehensive policy framework. Aquaculture as a food producing system in some cases has been perceived as being in conflict with other parts of the ecosystem. This can best be addressed by the development and dissemination of codes of good aquaculture practice. While the demand for organically produced aquaculture products is growing, certification is still largely based on the standards of private certification bodies.[Author vide copyright]

1. Background
2. Status of European freshwater aquaculture
3. Regulatory framework
4. Production, products and sales
5. Food quality and safety, traceability and labelling
6. Impact on trade of environmental and health/hygiene
Legislation: a trade barrier?
7. Markets, distribution and trade
8. New markets, new competitors and promotion
9. Conclusions and recommendations
Appendix 1 Agenda
Appendix 2 List of participants
Appendix 3 Summary of some codes of conduct and certification programmes that impact on the aquaculture sector
Appendix 4 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats table
Appendix 5 Papers presented

This report evaluates impact criteria of projects from FAIR Area 5 (Fisheries and aquaculture) and from FAIR Area 3 (Generic science and advanced technologies for nutritious foods) pertaining to fisheries and aquaculture. Since impact measurements are ambiguous and no proper protocol had been established, the methodology with which these projects were evaluated is described below in detail. The basis for this report were 134 research projects from FAIR Area 5 and 24 from Area 3. Objective: The main objective of this report was to assess output variables related to impact of the FAIR programmes’ projects. The projects were classified by domains and data provided by each projects’ coordinator was compiled and analyzed in order to determine the scope and range of impact on the scientific community, the Community level, legislation and advisory boards. [Gesche Pluem]

Disclaimer
1. Introduction
2. Approach & Methodology
Step 1 - Updating Information, Step 2 - Compilation, Step 3 - Analysis.
Most frequently encountered discrepancies and problems
3. Results
4. Conclusions
Annex 1 – Documents
Annex 2 – Analysis details

Research proposals of direct interest for DG Fish in the 5th Framework Programme (FP5) concern three key actions (KA) of the thematic programme "Quality of Life" (QoL): KA 1 (Food, nutrition and health), KA 2 (Control of infectious diseases)and KA 5 (Sustainable agriculture, fisheries and forestry). Most of the selected projects (88%) were funded under the specific Key Action 5 “Sustainable agriculture, fisheries and forestry, and integrated development of rural areas including mountain areas”. As all the calls covering QoL thematic programmes are closed, it is now possible to make an assessment of the accepted projects.The present analysis covers the field of fisheries and aquaculture under KA 5.Objectives: The main objective of the present study was to analyze the research projects funded under KA 5 and to classify them by specific scientific domains in orderto establish to what extent they covered the research objectives of the QoL Work Programme in the field of fisheries and aquaculture. The proposed classification is intended to give a clear picture of the situation and to provide research institutions and policy makers information on how theresearch projects cover the different priorities. [Laura Gagliardini Anibaldi]

1.Introduction
2.Objectives
3.Approach and Methodology
4.Results
4.1 Overview breakdown of QoL projects in KA 5
4.2 Overview breakdown of SME Co-operative projects
4.3 Clustering of projects
4.4 Classification
5.Conclusions<
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Annex 1: Scientific domains
Annex 2: Summary Matrix

Societal and political backgroundTraditionally, the welfare of fish compared to welfare of other, land farmed animalshas not been an important topic to consumers, producers and legislators, an attitudewhich is reflected in past research projects and legislation directed towards welfare,which hardly ever took fish into consideration. So why was and is fish, compared toother animals, not a hot topic regarding welfare concerns? First, there is a lack oftradition in perceiving fish as sentient beings as fish do not evoke compassion andconcern in humans in the same way other, warm-blooded animals do; second, there isstill no consensus among scientists wether fish are able to perceive pain and to suffer;third, large scale, industrialised aquaculture is a relatively recent farming method.Nevertheless, an increased concern for the welfare of fish in general and especially inaquaculture can be noticed in recent year, stimulated by research results suggestingawareness of pain and suffering, and reports on farming conditions detrimental tohealth and welfare. [Tanja Wolffrom]

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
REPORT
1 Societal and political background
2 Welfare – general introduction
3 Pain and discomfort in fish
4 Welfare indicators
4.1 Physiological indicators
4.2 Behavioural indicators
4.3 Other indicators
5 Welfare issues
5.1 Fish densities in farming
5.2 Environmental parameters
5.3 Malnutrition
5.4 Food deprivation
5.5 Cataracts
5.6 Deformities
5.6.1 Skeletal deformities
5.6.2 Tissue deformities
5.7 Vaccination – side effects
5.8 Genetics
5.9 Transport
5.10 Pre-slaughter handling
5.11 Stunning /sedation
5.12 Organic production
6 Past and current EC research projects on welfare issues
7 Welfare – Economic value and product quality
8 Legislation
9 Acknowledgements
10 References